Injiniyancin lantarki,daga nazarin yiwuwa zuwa kunna wuta

Muna ɗaukar dukkan ɓangaren lantarki na masana'anta gaba ɗaya: jerin load da kimanta buƙata, incoming supply da girman transformer, tsarin rarraba wuta, tsarin protection da earthing. Idan an riga an yi tsari, muna duba shi bisa load ɗin da ake da shi a yau maimakon yadda aka ƙirƙira shi tun asali, sannan mu faɗi a fili inda bai sake dacewa ba.

• Kimanta load, demand factors da girman transformer
• Tsarin rarraba wuta na HT da LT, da single line ɗin da ya biyo bayansa
• Tsarin protection da co-ordination, an yi musu model a ETAP
• Ƙira ta earthing da kariya daga tsawa, tare da awon soil resistivity
• Ƙayyadaddun bayanai da kimanta fasaha don tender
• Kula da aiki a wurin aiki, da halartar gwaji idan kuna son idanu na biyu

Muna ɗaukar generator, governor, excitation da switchyard a matsayin tsari guda ɗaya, domin a ƙaramar tashar wutar ruwa haka suke aiki. Mun yi commissioning na tashoshi a Ladakh da Arunachal Pradesh, inda dawowa wuri sau na biyu ke ɗaukar kwanaki, don haka shirin commissioning da jerin spare parts suna da muhimmanci kamar zane-zanen.

• Protection na generator, excitation da automatic voltage regulation
• Haɗa turbine governor da control na unit
• Tsarin switchyard, protection da metering
• Kayan taimako na tasha: rarraba LT, tsarin DC, girman battery da charger
• Synchronising da haɗi da grid
• Commissioning a wuraren da ke da nisa, an tsara shi bisa hanyar shiga da kuke da ita a zahiri

Layouts, schematics, lissafi da tsarin protection, ana ba da su a matsayin kunshi wanda ɗan kwangila zai iya gini da shi, mai duba aiki zai iya amincewa da shi, kuma tawagar kulawa taku za ta iya karanta shi bayan shekaru goma. Ana nuna lissafin da kansa, ba sakamakonsa kaɗai ba, don a iya duba dalilin da aka yanke shawara a kai maimakon a amince kawai.

• Substations har zuwa 765 kV, na air insulated da gas insulated
• Ƙira ta lantarki don wutar ruwa, coal washery, material handling da process plants
• Modelling na tsarin wuta a ETAP da cikakken protection co-ordination
• Saitunan numerical relay, ana ba da su a jadawali da aka shirya don amfani
• Ana sake duba zane-zane a kuma sake fitar da su duk lokacin da yanayin wurin aiki ya canza

Switchyard shi ne inda masana'anta ke haɗuwa da grid, kuma ana auna shi a kwanaki biyu: ranar da aka yi masa charging da ranar da ya kamata ya kawar da lahani. Muna farawa daga tsarin bay da clearances, mu wuce zuwa busbar scheme, protection da earth mat, sannan mu zauna a wurin aiki don girkawa, pre-commissioning da charging. Ko air-insulated ne ko gas-insulated, sabon yard ne ko faɗaɗa wanda ba za a iya kashe shi ba, injiniyancin iri ɗaya ne — abin da ke canzawa shi ne yadda ake tsara lokacin kashe wuta.

• Tsarin bay, clearances na phase da na section, da loading na structure
• Busbar scheme — single, main da transfer, ko double bus — ana zaɓar shi bisa aikin da zai yi, ba bisa al'ada ba
• Tsarin protection, metering da sarrafawa, tare da saitunan relay a cikin jadawali
• Ana ƙira earth mat bisa awon soil resistivity, tare da duba step da touch potential
• Girkawa da pre-commissioning na isolators, breakers, CTs, PTs, CVTs da lightning arrestors
• Charging, gwajin load da miƙawa da takardu — har da faɗaɗa da ake yi a yard mai ɗauke da wuta

Injiniyoyinmu kansu suna wurin aiki, har zuwa kunna wuta da miƙawa. Idan kuna da ɗan kwangilar girkawa, sai mu yi kulawa kawai, wanda yawanci ke rage kuɗi kuma ya bar tsarin da kuke da shi kamar yadda yake. Muna gwaji da na'urorinmu, kuma muna kawo rahoto tare da ainihin awon da aka samu, ba kawai sanarwar cewa ya wuce ba.

• Girkawa da shigar da tsarin HT da LT, ko kula da ɗan kwangilanku
• Dubawar pre-commissioning, loop checking da gwajin aiki
• Gwaji na yau da kullum da na musamman ga transformers, switchgear, breakers da relays
• Gwajin protection relay da calibration bisa saitunan da aka amince da su
• Kunna wuta, gwajin load da miƙawa da takardu
• Haɗa relays da SCADA ɗin da kuke da shi, ko sabo

Panels sukan daɗe fiye da masana'antar da aka ƙirƙira su domin ta. Maimakon mu canza enclosure mai ƙarfi, muna canza abin da ya tsufa a cikinsa — electromechanical relays zuwa numerical, tsofaffin breakers zuwa waɗanda ake amfani da su a yau, wiring da terminations inda ba su isa aikin ba — sannan mu sake fitar da schematics don zane-zane su sake dacewa da panel ɗin.

• Canza electromechanical relays zuwa numerical, da sabbin saituna
• Canza tsofaffin breakers da contactors zuwa waɗanda ake amfani da su a yau
• Sake wiring, sake termination da sanya lakabi don dacewa da sabon tsari
• Sauya schematics da sabon nazarin co-ordination don load ɗin yau
• Ƙara communication don tsohon panel ya iya aika bayanai zuwa SCADA
• Ana yin sa a lokacin da aka kashe injuna, bisa lokacin hutun aikinku

Bincike da ya cancanci a bi shi yana kan awo ne, ba kan bayanan nameplate ba. Muna yin log na load, mu auna power factor da harmonics inda suke da muhimmanci, mu yi thermography ga joints da suke zafi da gaske, sannan mu kawo rahoto kan abin da canji zai ceto idan aka kwatanta da abin da zai ci. Haka kuma muke kawo rahoton gwajin yanayin transformers da switchgear.

• Logging na load, awon power factor da harmonics
• Thermography na joints, terminations da switchgear a lokacin da suke ɗauke da load
• Gwajin yanayin transformer: tan-delta, SFRA, partial discharge, tace mai
• Gwajin soil resistivity da awon earth resistance
• Rahotannin yiwuwa tare da shawarwarin da aka lissafa kuɗinsu
• Samar da spare parts na lantarki